What medicine should be taken for secondary hypertension?
Hypertension is a common chronic disease, which can be divided into first-level hypertension and second-level hypertension according to different blood pressure levels. Grade II hypertension refers to systolic blood pressure between 160-179 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure between 100-109 mmHg. For patients with secondary hypertension, drug treatment is an important means of controlling blood pressure. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to give you a detailed introduction to the drug treatment plan for secondary hypertension.
Principles of drug treatment for primary and secondary hypertension
1.individualized treatment: Select appropriate drugs based on the patient’s age, gender, comorbidities and other factors.
2.Combination medication: Secondary hypertension usually requires the combined use of two or more antihypertensive drugs.
3.long-term persistence: Hypertension requires long-term medication, and medication cannot be stopped or changed at will.
2. Commonly used antihypertensive drug classifications and representative drugs
| drug class | Representative medicine | Mechanism of action | Common side effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| diuretics | Hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide | Reduce blood volume through diuresis | Hypokalemia, elevated uric acid |
| beta blockers | Metoprolol, Bisoprolol | Slow down the heart rate and reduce cardiac output | Fatigue, bradycardia |
| calcium channel blockers | Amlodipine, nifedipine | Dilate blood vessels and reduce peripheral resistance | Headache, edema of lower limbs |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) | Enalapril, Benazepril | Inhibit angiotensin production | Dry cough, hyperkalemia |
| Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) | Valsartan, Losartan | Blocks the action of angiotensin II | Dizziness, hyperkalemia |
Combination medication regimen for grade 3 and grade 2 hypertension
According to the latest hypertension guidelines, patients with grade II hypertension usually require a combination of two or more antihypertensive drugs. The following are common combination regimens:
| joint program | Advantages | Applicable people |
|---|---|---|
| ACEI/ARB + diuretic | Collaboratively lower blood pressure and reduce side effects | Patients with diabetes and heart failure |
| ACEI/ARB + Calcium Channel Blocker | Powerfully lower blood pressure and protect target organs | Elderly patients with hypertension |
| Calcium channel blockers + beta blockers | offset respective side effects | Patients with coronary heart disease |
4. Precautions for drug treatment
1.Monitor blood pressure regularly: It is recommended to measure blood pressure once every morning and evening to record blood pressure changes.
2.Be aware of drug side effects: If symptoms of discomfort occur, seek medical attention promptly.
3.lifestyle intervention: Medication treatment needs to be combined with a low-salt diet, moderate exercise, etc.
4.Do not stop taking medication without permission: Medication should be continued even if blood pressure is normal.
5. Latest research progress
According to the hot topics in the past 10 days, there are the following new developments in the treatment of hypertension:
1. New antihypertensive drugs SGLT-2 inhibitors can also protect the kidneys while lowering blood pressure.
2. Artificial intelligence-assisted medication selection is in the clinical trial stage.
3. Genetic testing guides new breakthroughs in personalized medicine.
6. Summary
The drug treatment of secondary hypertension requires the selection of a suitable drug combination based on the patient's specific conditions. The five commonly used categories of antihypertensive drugs each have their own characteristics, and combined use can improve efficacy and reduce side effects. Patients should monitor their blood pressure regularly during medication and adopt a healthy lifestyle to effectively control blood pressure and reduce the occurrence of complications.
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